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What is java-script ?
JavaScript is the most popular scripting language on the internet, and works in all major browsers, such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, and Safari.
Before you start, you should have a basic understanding of HTML / XHTML
Why is JavaScript?
- It was designed to add interactivity to HTML pages
- It's a scripting language
- A scripting language is a lightweight programming language
- It's usually embedded directly into HTML pages
- JavaScript is an interpreted language (means that scripts execute without preliminary compilation)
- Everyone can use JavaScript without purchasing a license
Declaring JavaScript
Adding JavaScript to a web page is actually surprisingly easy! To add a JavaScript all you need to add is the following (either between the <head></head> tags or between the <body></body> tags - “Websupport” will explain more about this later):
JavaScript
</script>
As you can see the JavaScript is just contained in a normal HTML tag set. The next thing you must do is make sure that the older browsers ignore it. If you don't do this the code for the JavaScript will be shown which will look awful. There are two things you must do to hide the code from older browsers and show something instead:
<!--Begin Hide
JavaScript
// End Hide-->
</script>
<noscript>
HTML Code
</noscript>
As you can see this makes the code look a lot more complex, but it is really quite simple. If you look closely you can see that all that has been done is that the JavaScript is now contained in an HTML comment tag. This is so that any old browsers which do not understand “script” will just think it is an HTML comment and ignore it.
Because of this the <noscript> tag was created. This will be ignored by browsers which understand <script> but will be read by the older browsers. All you need to do is put between <noscript> and </noscript> what you want to appear if the browser does not support JavaScript. This could be an alternative feature or just a message saying it is not available. You do not have to include the tag if you don't want anything shown instead.
Something you might have noticed in the example above was that on the line:// End Hide-->
There was a:
//
which does not usually appear in an HTML comment. This is because it is the sign for a JavaScript comment (it was included here to stop the browser from thinking the closing HTML tag was a piece of JavaScript).
It is very important in JavaScript, as with any other programming language t o include comments, especially if you want others to learn from your code. It is also useful for including a copyright message.
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